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Plain-language explanations of everything on these pages, written for someone who has just opened a BO account.

What this app does

You tell it which companies on the Dhaka Stock Exchange you own or are watching. After each trading session it checks every one of them against a set of rules, and when something unusual happened it tells you, by email, Telegram or on these pages. It also shows what is true about each company right now, values your portfolio, and keeps score of how useful its own alerts were.

Everything runs on one computer that you or the person who set it up controls. Market data comes from the exchange's own website. Nothing about you is sent anywhere.

What it does not do

It never tells you to buy or sell. An alert is a fact, such as "BEXIMCO closed at its upper circuit, something it does about twice a year". What you do with that fact is your decision. It does not predict prices, and the historical numbers it shows describe the past, not the future.

It also does not place orders. You still trade through your broker's app.

Sessions, closes and moves

The DSE trades Sunday to Thursday. One trading day is a session. The close is the last price of the session, and every move on these pages is a change between closes: "1 session" compares today's close with yesterday's, "20 sessions" with the close about a month ago, "250 sessions" with about a year ago. Sessions, not calendar days, so holidays do not count.

Circuit breakers

The exchange limits how far a share can move in one day: 10% either way for shares under Tk 200, and smaller percentages for pricier shares. That limit is the circuit. A share that closes at its upper circuit rose as far as it was allowed to; at its lower circuit it fell as far as it could. Several sessions in a row at a circuit is rare and is worth knowing about, which is why there is a rule for it.

Two kinds of session have no limit, and the site does not count them as circuit hits: the first session after a record date, when the price is adjusted for the dividend, and sessions where the exchange lifts the limit and publishes a "Price Limit Open" notice. A move beyond the limit on any other day means a corporate action the site has no record of, so no alert is raised on it.

Categories A, B, N and Z

The exchange sorts companies by how they treat shareholders. A: paid a dividend of at least 10% and held its annual general meeting (AGM) on time. B: paid a smaller dividend. N: listed recently, not yet rated. Z: paid no dividend, or its AGM is overdue, or it has not operated for six months. Category Z shares also settle more slowly. The category is shown next to every trading code.

Volume

Volume is the number of shares that changed hands in a session. On its own the number means little, so these pages show it against the stock's own average over the previous 20 sessions: 2x means twice the usual. A big price move on unusually high volume involved many people; the same move on thin volume may not mean much.

What "unusual for this stock" means

A 5% move is an ordinary day for some shares and a remarkable one for others. So instead of a fixed number, every rule compares today with the stock's own history, which goes back to 2013 for most companies. A percentile is a position in that history: the 95th percentile of daily moves is a move bigger than 95% of all the days this stock has had. When a page says "beyond its 95th percentile", it means today was in the top 5% for this company.

The pages call these numbers the stock's baselines. You can see them on each symbol page.

Moving averages and trend

A moving average smooths out daily noise: the 20-session average is the mean of the last 20 closes, the 50-session average the mean of the last 50. "Above both averages" means the price is higher than both, which people read as an upward trend; "below both" as a downward one; "between" as undecided. The chart on each symbol page draws both lines.

The 52-week range

The lowest and highest closes of the last year, with a marker for where today's price sits between them. 0% is the low, 100% the high. A share near its 52-week low has fallen a long way from where it was; near its high, it has risen. Neither says what happens next.

P/E, EPS, NAV and dividend yield

EPS is earnings per share, the company's yearly profit divided by its number of shares. P/E is the price divided by EPS: how many years of current profit the price equals. A P/E of 8 is cheaper than 20 on this one measure, but a low P/E can also mean the market expects profits to fall. Compare with the sector median shown next to it rather than with an absolute number.

NAV per share is the company's assets minus its debts, per share. Price divided by NAV below 1 means the share trades for less than the book value of what the company owns. Dividend yield is the last dividend as a percentage of the price. These figures come from the company's page on the exchange's website and can be a year old.

Price-sensitive information (PSI)

Listed companies must tell the exchange about anything that could move the price: results, dividends, big contracts, board decisions, changes of ownership. These filings are called price-sensitive information. The app records every PSI for the companies you follow and raises an alert when one appears, because a sudden price move very often has a filing behind it.

Dividends, record dates and AGMs

A dividend is part of the profit paid to shareholders, in cash or as extra shares. "10% cash" means Tk 1 per share of Tk 10 face value, not 10% of the price. The record date is the day the company checks who owns its shares; to receive the dividend you must own the share at the close of the session before it. The AGM is the yearly shareholders' meeting where the dividend is approved. The overview lists upcoming record dates for your symbols.

The columns on the tables

Hover over any underlined column heading to see the same explanation.

Close
The last price at the end of the session.
1 session
Change from the previous session's closing price.
20 sessions
Change over the last 20 trading sessions, about one month.
60 sessions
The last 60 sessions, about three months, drawn as a small line.
Volume vs avg
Today's traded volume divided by the average of the previous 20 sessions. 2x means twice the usual.
Circuit
The circuit is the daily price limit set by the exchange. 'upper' means the share closed at the highest price allowed that day, 'lower' at the lowest.
Category
DSE category. A: paid a dividend of 10% or more and held its AGM on time. B: dividend under 10%. N: newly listed. Z: no dividend, or AGM overdue.
Type (owned, target, watch)
owned: in your portfolio. target: a company you are considering. watch: just keeping an eye on it.
Trend
Where the price sits against its own 20-session and 50-session averages.
52-week range
Where today's price sits between the lowest and highest price of the past year. 0% is the low, 100% the high.
P/E
Price divided by earnings per share: how many years of current profit the price equals. Lower means cheaper on this measure alone.
Sector P/E
The middle P/E of the companies in the same sector, for comparison.
Div. yield
The last dividend as a percentage of the price.
Last filing
The latest price-sensitive announcement the company filed with the exchange.
Weight
This position's share of the portfolio's market value.
Profit / loss
Market value minus what you paid. Unrealised: it only becomes real when you sell.

The rules, in plain words

Each rule fires at most once per episode, and most compare today with the stock's own baselines, so they fire a few times a year per company rather than every other day. The Rules page shows how often each one fired in 14 years of history and what the price typically did afterwards.

Big drop
Fell more than the stock's own 5th-percentile move over N sessions (or your % if set); once per episode
Big rise
Rose more than the stock's own 95th-percentile move over N sessions (or your % if set); once per episode
Upper circuit
Closed at the daily upper price limit
Lower circuit
Closed at the daily lower price limit
Volume spike
Volume at least 3x (or the stock's 95th percentile) with a 3%+ move
New 250-session high
Closed above the highest high of the previous 250 sessions
New 250-session low
Closed below the lowest low of the previous 250 sessions
Diverged from DSEX
Moved at least 5 points more or less than the index on the day
Price-sensitive news
The company filed price-sensitive information in the last 2 days
Record date soon
A dividend record date falls within the next 3 days
50-session average cross
The close crossed its 50-session moving average
P/E level
P/E at or below your maximum, or at or above your minimum (fires when it becomes true)
Thin trading
No trades in 5 or more of the last 10 sessions (fires when it becomes true)

How alerts work

Every trading day at 16:30, after the session closes, the app fetches the day's prices and filings, runs every rule on every symbol you follow, and sends you what fired. The same alerts appear on the Overview and Alerts pages. Each alert states what happened and the numbers behind it, and most mention how often that happens for that stock.

You can switch rules off or change their thresholds per symbol on the symbol page. "Check alerts now" on the overview runs the rules on the latest data without waiting for the daily run.

Reading the scorecard

The scorecard looks back at every alert you were sent and records what the price did 5 and 20 sessions later, next to what the DSEX did over the same sessions and what the 14-year backtest expected. It grades the rules, not you. If a rule's alerts are usually followed by falls, that is useful to know when the next one arrives. An alert is pending until 20 sessions have passed.

Portfolio numbers

Cost is what you paid: quantity times average cost from your broker's statement. Market value is quantity times today's close. Profit or loss is the difference, and it is unrealised: it only becomes real money when you sell, and it ignores brokerage and tax. Weight is each position's share of the whole. "Since statement" compares today's value with the value printed on the statement you imported.

The AI summary

When an AI provider is configured, a language model writes a short note from the alerts of the day. It only sees what the rules produced and the historical numbers; it is told to explain, never to advise, and not to invent anything. Treat it as a readable version of the alerts, and read the alerts themselves when a number matters.

Automated observations about prices, volumes and filings on the Dhaka Stock Exchange. Not investment advice; no buy or sell recommendation is implied. Your data stays on this server; only the alert text goes to the AI provider when the AI note is on.